Abstract
Abstract The tectonic setting of Timor–Leste and Eastern Indonesia comprises of a complex transition from oceanic lithosphere subduction to arc-continental collision. To better understand the deformation and convergent-zone structure of the region, we derive a new catalog of earthquake hypocenters and magnitudes from a temporary deployment of five years of continuous seismic data using an automated processing procedure. This includes a machine-learning phase picker, EQTransformer, and a sequential earthquake association and location workflow. We detect and locate ∼19,000 events during 2014–2018, which demonstrates that it is possible to characterize earthquake sequences from raw seismic data using a well-trained machine-learning picker for a complex convergent plate setting. This study provides the most complete catalog available for the region for the duration of the temporary deployment, which includes a complex pattern of crustal events across the collision zone and into the back-arc, as well as abundant deep slab seismicity.
Highlights
Between the active Sunda and Banda arcs of southeast Asia lies the complex transition from oceanic lithosphere subduction to arc-continental collision
Performance evaluation of the automatic workflow To assess the overall performance of our automatic workflow, we compared the preliminary catalogue from Rapid Earthquake Association and Location algorithm (REAL) with the International Seismological Centre (ISC) catalog (2021)
The catalog contains ML magnitudes ranging 0.5–7 and provides the most complete catalog available in the region for the duration of the temporary YS deployment. This new catalog significantly increases our understanding of tectonic deformation in the greater Banda Arc, including both the arc-continental collision process beneath the Timor and Alor islands and the complex subduction dynamics along the arc at depth
Summary
Between the active Sunda and Banda arcs of southeast Asia lies the complex transition from oceanic lithosphere subduction to arc-continental collision. A temporary deployment of 30 broadband seismometers (YS network; see Data and Resources) across this region (Miller et al, 2016), aimed at understanding the initiation of continental mountain building and the cessation of island arc volcanism, offers a rare glimpse into a set of processes that have shaped Earth’s evolution over geologic time. The data from these instruments and three permanent stations (GE network; see Data and Resources) here are used to create a detailed earthquake catalog to provide unique insights into understanding the deformation and subduction zone structure in the region
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