Abstract

BackgroundDesmoplastic fibroblastoma (also known as collagenous fibroma) is a benign, slowly growing soft-tissue tumor. Most desmoplastic fibroblastomas develop in the limbs, neck, or trunk. A mediastinal origin is quite rare.Case presentationA 32-year-old Asian female was referred to us for the diagnosis and treatment of an anterior mediastinal tumor. The tumor was 80 mm in the largest diameter and was located on the pericardium. No invasion was evident. She underwent resection of the tumor via video-assisted thoracoscopic resection. The tumor was totally encapsulated, and its pedicle was on the pericardium. The resected specimen was very rigid, making it difficult to remove from the intercostal space. Histologically, the tumor was composed of a paucicellular dense collagenous tissue. Mitosis was rarely observed, and cellular atypia was not evident, suggesting that the tumor was benign. We diagnosed the tumor as a desmoplastic fibroblastoma by morphology and immunohistochemistry.ConclusionsDesmoplastic fibroblastoma of the mediastinum is an extremely rare disease. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult. Early surgical resection is suitable for diagnosis and treatment planning.

Highlights

  • Desmoplastic fibroblastoma is a benign, slowly growing softtissue tumor

  • We report a rare case of desmoplastic fibroblastoma that arose from the pericardium

  • This is the first case of desmoplastic fibroblastoma developed from the pericardium in the literature

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Summary

Conclusions

We report the first case of desmoplastic fibroblastoma arising from the pericardium. A preoperative diagnosis of this kind of tumor is almost impossible. The tumor grows quickly, but little mitosis is seen in histology. Surgical resection is suitable for the diagnosis and cure of this benign disease

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