Abstract
In the past decade, Chinese urban areas have seen rapid development, and rural areas are becoming the next construction hotspot. The development of rural buildings in China has lagged behind urban development, and there is a lack of energy-efficient rural buildings. Rural houses in severe cold regions have the characteristics of large energy exchange, a long heating cycle, and low construction costs. Energy consumption is a crucial issue for rural houses in severe cold regions. How to balance the energy efficiency and building cost become a crucial problem. To solve this problem, we investigate the energy consumption of rural housing in cold regions, using Longquan Village in Heilongjiang Province, northeast China, as a case study. A low-energy design framework is established that considers the spatial layout, building type, enclosure system, and heating system. With the support of project funds, a demonstration house is constructed, and the energy savings performance of the building is investigated during the heating period. The results indicate that the energy savings rate of the demonstration house is 66%. The demonstration building enables local residents to learn construction methods for low-energy houses and promotes energy efficiency.
Highlights
With the improvement of urban construction in China and the shift of the construction focus to villages and towns, rural housing has become a hotspot in recent years
It is vital to increase the energy efficiency of rural houses, reduce energy costs, and improve the indoor environment of rural houses to improve the quality of life of rural residents in severe cold regions
The results show that the demonstration house has significantly higher energy-savings than the demonstration house in severe cold regions
Summary
With the improvement of urban construction in China and the shift of the construction focus to villages and towns, rural housing has become a hotspot in recent years. China has highly variable climatic characteristics [3], and severe cold regions are areas where the average temperature of the coldest month is ≤−10 ◦ C or the daily average temperature is ≤5 ◦ C for ≥145 days [4]. These areas have a low sunshine duration in winter, large temperature differences throughout the year, and a long duration of low temperatures. Due to the cold climate, outdoor activities are limited, and most rural residents remain indoors during this period. It is vital to increase the energy efficiency of rural houses, reduce energy costs, and improve the indoor environment of rural houses to improve the quality of life of rural residents in severe cold regions
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