A Design of Compact Wideband Antenna Based on Hybridization of Minkowski Fractal Curves on Hexagonal Patch and Partial Ground Plane with Truncated Corners

Gurpreet Bharti,Jagtar Singh Sivia

doi:10.1007/s11277-021-09422-y

Abstract

In this manuscript, a compact wideband antenna using a partial ground plane has been designed by the hybridization of Minkowski fractal curves on the hexagonal radiating patch. Further, the corners of this partial ground plane have been truncated and the Minkowski curves superimposed on each truncated corner. The L shaped stub has been employed to enhance the performance parameters of the antenna in terms of the number of frequency bands and impedance bandwidth. Different prototypes of an antenna have been compared and found that prototype with L-shaped stub and ground plane with truncated corners using Minkowski curve (proposed prototype) exhibits better antenna performance parameters. The proposed prototype of the antenna reveals the maximum bandwidth of 10.86 GHz (140.10%) with four distinct frequency bands 4.4, 7.1, 10.8, 16.3 GHz. Designed antenna has also been fabricated and tested for authentication of simulated results with measured results and found in reasonable agreement with each other. The proposed antenna uses a low-cost FR4 substrate with a compact size of 24 × 30 × 1.6 mm3. Due to the wider bandwidth, stable radiation pattern, and desired gain at the desired frequency points, the proposed antenna can be used for different wireless applications.

Highlights

In this current period, the striking changes have been noted in the correspondence development i.e.; guided media is completely replaced by unguided media
The corners of this partial ground plane have been truncated and the Minkowski curves superimposed on each truncated corner and the L – shaped stub has been employed to enhance the performance parameters of the antenna in terms of the number of frequency bands and impedance bandwidth
Due to the wider bandwidth, stable radiation pattern, and gain at the desired frequency points, the proposed antenna can be used for different wireless applications

Summary

Introduction

The striking changes have been noted in the correspondence development i.e.; guided media is completely replaced by unguided media. The most encouraging antenna in the new time should be the fractal antenna as it can show multiband/wideband conduct close by downsizing (scaling down) because of its self-likeness and space-filling properties [2, 3]. The properties of the fractal are space-filling, partial measurements, self-likeness, and endless intricacy because they show novel qualities for example, wideband and multiband [7,8]. Numerous researchers have attached these fractal geometries to compose the pattern of different antennas for various wireless applications. These invented geometries are named Hybrid antennas. Gashtasbi et al [14] explained a novel hybrid fractal antenna using Koch and Minkowski geometry which is useful for GSM900MHz application and reported adequate radiation pattern. The designed antenna can be used for different wireless applications after conscientiously inspecting and analysing the performance parameters of the antenna

Methods

Results

Conclusion