Abstract
Time synchronization is a key technique in large-scale wireless sensor network applications. In order to tackle the problems of multi-hop synchronization error accumulation, clock frequency skew swinging, and network topology changes, a time synchronization protocol based on dynamic routing and forwarding certification (DRFC-TSP) is proposed in this paper. During the time synchronization process, a reference node with fewer synchronization hops and a more stable clock frequency is selected for every single hop, in order to obtain the best synchronization route. In this way, synchronization error accumulation can be restrained and the impact of clock frequency skew swinging on the time synchronization precision can be reduced. Furthermore, changes of the network topology can be well adapted by dynamic routing, in which the reference node is updated in every synchronization round. In the forwarding certification process, the status of nodes forwarding synchronous information outwards is authored by information exchange between neighboring nodes. Only synchronous information of the certificated nodes with a better performance can be forwarded. The network traffic can be decreased and the time synchronization precision can also be ensured, even with less energy consumption. Feasibility testing in large-scale wireless sensor networks is verified on NS2 simulation and more performances are evaluated on an embedded Linux platform.
Highlights
Time synchronization is a fundamental technology in wireless sensor networks (WSN) [1,2]
In this multi-hop error accumulation, the clock frequency skew influence, and the network topology changing, protocol, by acquiring optimal time information in eachprotocol hop instead employing a fixed a time synchronization protocolreference named the time synchronization basedofon dynamic routing pre-established structure, every node can an optimum route from node,by which will and forwarding certification (DRFC-TSP)
The proposed time synchronization protocol DRFC-TSP is composed of two processes: the time time synchronization process during which the node modifies its clock according to the reference synchronization process during which the node modifies its clock according to the reference information, and the forwarding certification process during which certain nodes are authorized to information, and the forwarding certification process during which certain nodes are authorized to conduct forward certification
Summary
Time synchronization is a fundamental technology in wireless sensor networks (WSN) [1,2]. For the WSN with a which provides the minimal hops from the root node by dividing the network into a hierarchical limited energy, a fixed structure or a synchronization settled clustered (E-SATS). On the basis of the current time synchronization research, in order to tackle theFurthermore, problem of will consume extra energy in the process of building and fixing the established structure. On the the current time synchronization in order to tackle the problem of dynamic routing and forwarding certification (DRFC-TSP) In this multi-hop error accumulation, the clock frequency skew influence, and the network topology changing, protocol, by acquiring optimal time information in eachprotocol hop instead employing a fixed a time synchronization protocolreference named the time synchronization basedofon dynamic routing pre-established structure, every node can an optimum route from node,by which will and forwarding certification forobtain large-scale. The results of the simulation and field experiment; and the final section presents the conclusion
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