Abstract
Traditional chicken manure fermentation is mostly natural composting or exposure, which is not only time consuming but also susceptible to weather, resulting in uncontrollable quality and environmental pollution. This research aims to build a smart solar chicken manure fermentation system to control the conditions of chicken manure fermentation effectively, improve quality, and solve the problems of environmental pollution. Hot water produced by solar energy is the heat source for the main system of fermentation, and a backup supplemental heat source by gas heater is applied. The mechanism of drive, agitation, ventilation and drying as well as temperature conditions are controlled by the Arduino’s control core. Fuzzy logic is applied to maintain the optimal temperature, so that the system decomposes the bacteria optimally and reduces the consumed time for fermentation. The chicken manure humidity can be decreased from 70% to 30%, and the effective control system temperature is between 40 and 42 °C, while the pH value is changed from 8.7 to 7.4. The sample analysis of the fermentation also shows that there was 13.12% more organic matter in the chicken manure that added the decomposing bacteria than which did not contain the decomposing bacteria.
Highlights
Animals’ manure contains 70–90% organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and may causes pollutants without proper disposal
(3) Control the circulation and internal circulation of solar water heaters: when the temperature of the fermentation tank is greater than 40 ◦C, the solar energy is turned off to start the internal circulation, and when the temperature is less than 40 ◦C, the solar water heater enters the fermentation tank
When the temperature of fermentation tank is slowly raised by fuzzy logic inference to control the servo motor, the servo motor can adjust the amount of gas
Summary
Animals’ manure contains 70–90% organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and may causes pollutants without proper disposal. The manure potentially has a high concentration of pollutants; on the other hand it is the nutrients required by plants, such as production and utilization of compost in Taiwan by a livestock research institute [2]. It can be seen on the report discussing the development and application of new biological fertilizers in Taiwan [3], and the report referring the production and use of organic fertilizer [4]. The treatment methods of livestock manure mainly include solid liquid separation, anaerobic treatment, and aerobic treatment
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