Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) has significant potential in upgrading legacy production machinery with monitoring capabilities to unlock new capabilities and bring economic benefits. However, the introduction of IoT at the shop floor layer exposes it to additional security risks with potentially significant adverse operational impact. This article addresses such fundamental new risks at their root by introducing a novel endpoint security-by-design approach. The approach is implemented on a widely applicable production-machinery-monitoring application by introducing real-time adaptation features for IoT device security through subsystem isolation and a dedicated lightweight authentication protocol. This paper establishes a novel viewpoint for the understanding of IoT endpoint security risks and relevant mitigation strategies and opens a new space of risk-averse designs that enable IoT benefits, while shielding operational integrity in industrial environments.
Highlights
Industry 4.0 has a profound transformative effect on manufacturing environments, bringing in Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity to enable interaction that goes beyond basic machine-to-machine (M2M) communication
This paper introduced a novel endpoint security design approach to address security issues when upgrading production machinery with IoT connectivity to deliver real-time condition monitoring for legacy production machinery
While the new approach and its implementation focuses on the key design aspects, rather than on any single sophisticated detection mechanism, it is worth noticing that the employed mechanisms can be upgraded to introduce stronger detection, and response capabilities
Summary
Industry 4.0 has a profound transformative effect on manufacturing environments, bringing in Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity to enable interaction that goes beyond basic machine-to-machine (M2M) communication. Such connectivity scales up the requirements of production data management and leads towards data-driven service innovation in manufacturing, wherein data analytics play a key role [1]. CNC machine tools may already support a number of diagnostic services, which can be supplemented by additional sensors for direct or indirect monitoring Such upgrades can be fitted within a networked factory environment through, making the machinery part of the Internet of Things (IoT) environment. The potential operational impact that any security breaches may have on the integrity of industrial systems can be Sensors 2019, 19, 2355; doi:10.3390/s19102355 www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors
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