Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic organism that causes diseases in both animals and humans. Human contact with infected domestic animals is often a transmission route of Brucellosis infection. This infection affects hematological parameters of the patients. We carried this study to determine the changes in various hematological parameters in our study subjects.
 Patients and Methodology:
 This study was carried out in Nangarhar regional hospital and safi medical complex on 45 Afghani people from December 2018 up to December 2020. The study design was prospective.
 A total of 45 patients (Cases) with confirmed diagnosis of Brucellosis on the basis of serology enrolled in the study. Complete blood count and Erythrocyte sedimentation rate studies are also performed. Considered hematological parameters includes Hemoglobin (Hb), White Blood Cell count (WBC), Platelet count (PLT) and ESR. As well interview was done with each patient and a questionnaire was used. The collected data was analyzed with Microsoft excel program Autosum statistics. Results. A total of 45 patients were enrolled. The mean age±SD of the patients under the study were (28.74±15.22) years. The most common hematological changes observed were; anemia (57.7%), thrombocytopenia (24%), leucocytosis (13.3%), pancytopenia (24.4%), lymphocytopenia (31.1%), lymphocytosis (55.5%) & leucopenia (40%). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate were elevated in about 66% of patients. Fever and headache were the most common presenting symptoms (73%) and (82%) respectively. Night sweats in (40%), joint pain (53%), muscle pain (53%) and lymphadenopathy in 46% of patients. Conclusion: This result of this study shows that Brucellosis commonly affects people of low socioeconomical states, female sex, uneducated, those consuming contaminated dairy products, peoples living in rural areas and those having consuming or contact with animal. Salmonella typhi causes changes in the hematological parameters due to involvement of bone marrow.
Highlights
Brucellosis has been recognized in animals and humans since the early 20th century
Night sweats in (40%), joint pain (53%), muscle pain (53%) and lymphadenopathy in 46% of patients. This result of this study shows that Brucellosis commonly affects people of low socioeconomical states, female sex, uneducated, those consuming contaminated dairy products, peoples living in rural areas and those having consuming or contact with animal
All of them were evaluated by doing blood hematological tests (Hemoglobin, TLC, Platelet count, Brucellosis serologic tests)
Summary
Brucellosis a highly contagious zoonosis caused by ingestion of unpasteurized milk or undercooked meat from infected animals, or close contact with their secretions [1,2,3]. It is known as undulant fever, Malta fever, and Mediterranean fever [4]. Four species infect humans: B. abortus, B. canis, B. melitensis, and B. suis. Human contact with infected domestic animals is often a transmission route of Brucellosis infection. This infection affects hematological parameters of the patients.
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