A descriptive study of allergen-specific IgE serological tests for canine atopic dermatitis in Thailand

Suttiwee Chermprapai,Naris Thengchaisri

doi:10.1186/s12917-020-02684-x

Abstract

BackgroundThis study describes the usefulness of allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) serology (ASIS) for identifying allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis. ASIS tests were conducted in 23 dogs diagnosed with atopic dermatitis for indoor allergens (yeast and mites), outdoor allergens (grass pollen, weed pollen, and tree pollen), and fleas. The relationship among positive ASIS tests were determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r).ResultsOf the atopic dogs, 26.09%, 4.35%, and 47.83% had positive ASIS tests for only indoor allergens, only outdoor allergens, and both indoor and outdoor allergens, respectively. The prevalence of positive ASIS tests was highest for mites (69.57%) and did not differ between indoor and outdoor allergens by age, breed, or sex. The prevalence of positive ASIS tests for indoor allergens during the rainy season (84.21%) was significantly higher than during winter (25.00%, P-value = 0.030). The correlation coefficient of the ASIS results among the outdoor allergens indicated a strong correlation between grass and tree pollen (r = 0.840, P-value < 0.01), grass and weed pollen (r = 0.812, P-value < 0.01), and tree and weed pollen (r = 0.714, P-value < 0.01). The correlation coefficient of the ASIS results of D. farinae indicated a strong correlation with A. siro (r = 0.951, P-value < 0.01) and a moderate correlation with B. tropicalis (r = 0.656, P-value < 0.01) and T. putrescentie (r = 0.672, P-value < 0.01).ConclusionsASIS tests are useful in screening for multiple allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis. Dust mites are an important source of indoor allergens and may be responsible for a higher titer of IgE antibodies against indoor allergens during the rainy season.

Highlights

This study describes the usefulness of allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) serology (ASIS) for identifying allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis
The application of ASIS tests in atopic dogs provides a good solution for conditioned patients
The prevalence of positive ASIS tests for indoor and outdoor allergens in atopic dogs did not differ according to age, breed, and sex (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

This study describes the usefulness of allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) serology (ASIS) for identifying allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis. ASIS tests were conducted in 23 dogs diagnosed with atopic dermatitis for indoor allergens (yeast and mites), outdoor allergens (grass pollen, weed pollen, and tree pollen), and fleas. The pathogenesis of CAD has been linked to skin barrier dysfunction, immune responses to indoor and outdoor allergens, and complicated infections [2,3,4]. Research investigating the usefulness of allergen identification in atopic dogs in Thailand is limited and has been performed only by IDT not ASIS [9]. Previous studies reported the influence of breed on atopic dogs and links to possible genetic-related problems [10]. Most earlier studies observed that dogs with AD tend to develop clinically allergic responses in the spring and summer [16,17,18]

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