A Demographic Profile of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Uttar Karnataka

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) results from production of dysregulated gut mucosal immune response to luminal antigens. Scientific literature pertaining to Southern part of Indian is limited, especially with focus on demographic and clinical phenotypes of IBD. Hence, the present study is aimed at evaluating these factors in a geographic area of Uttar Karnataka in two types of IBD- Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Methodology: A retrospective study was done with 91 patients with IBD from 2009 to 2019. Patients were routinely started on treatment with local and systemic 5-aminosalicylic acid derivatives. Different line of therapies was administered to both UC and Crohn’s disease with different drugs or combination of drugs. Results: Of the 91 patients, 85 were having UC and 6 with CD. The mean age of patients with UC and CD was 41.8 years and 52.2 years; male predominance was observed in UC group of patients in contrast to CD group. UC patients were found with Extraintestinal manifestation i.e. Erythema nodosum (0.01%), Type 1 peripheral arthritis (0.01%), Type 2 peripheral arthritis (0.01%). A total of 6 UC patients required surgery for various causes, with the majority being males, including 2 of them who developed cancer. Conclusion: There was a predominance of patients with UC, especially in men. The age, origin and level of education may interfere with early diagnosis. This geographical region survey provides an opportunity for understanding possible etiopathogenetic factors associated with the disease and pattern of treatment.