A demand side response scheme for enhancing power system security in the presence of wind power

Abstract

One of the major concerns associated with the wind power integration is its anti-peaking characteristic which increases the required ramping of the conventional generators and potentially threatens power system security. Recently, demand side response has become one of the likely successful solutions that can be employed in overcoming the negative impact of the anti-peaking characteristic of the daily net load curve. This paper presents a demand side response framework in which the load shifting strategy is effectively applied to improve the daily load profile of the system in the presence of wind power. The size of the load to be shifted is determined such that the system security in terms of voltage magnitudes and voltage stability margins is preserved for the normal state and prospective emergency states. To stimulate the demand side response candidates to shift their load and support the utilities to realize a particular daily load shape, an incentive reimbursement pattern based on the participants’ submitted sizes has been proposed. The mathematical formulation of the problem is stated as a nonlinear mixed integer programming problem. The problem is solved using Benders decomposition technique where the intact problem is split into a master problem and several smaller nonlinear problems solved individually by the conventional methods. The performance of proposed approach has been evaluated by its application on the IEEE 57- and 118-bus systems.