A degeneration of two-phase solutions of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation via Riemann-Hilbert problems

Abstract

Two-phase solutions of focusing NLS equation are classically constructed out of an appropriate Riemann surface of genus two and expressed in terms of the corresponding theta-function. We show here that in a certain limiting regime, such solutions reduce to some elementary ones called “Solitons on unstable condensate.” This degeneration turns out to be conveniently studied by means of basic tools from the theory of Riemann-Hilbert problems. In particular, no acquaintance with Riemann surfaces and theta-function is required for such analysis.