Abstract
Automation of agricultural food production is growing in popularity in scientific communities and industry. The main goal of automation is to identify and detect weeds in the crop. Weed intervention for the duration of crop establishment is a serious difficulty for wheat in North India. The soil nutrient is important for crop production. Weeds usually compete for light, water and air of nutrients and space from the target crop. This research paper assesses the growth rate of weeds due to macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) absorbed from various soils (fertile, clay and loamy) in the rabi crop field. The weed image data have been collected from three different places in Madhya Pradesh, India with 10 different rabi crops (Maize, Lucerne, Cumin, Coriander, Wheat, Fenugreek, Gram, Onion, Mustard and Tomato) and 10 different weeds (Corchorus Capsularis, Cynodondactylon, Chloris barbata, Amaranthaceae, Argemone mexicana, Carthamus oxyacantha, Capsella bursa Pastoris, Chenopodium Album, Dactyloctenium aegyptium and Convolvulus Ravens). Intel Real Sense LiDAR digital camera L515 and Canon digital SLR DIGICAM EOS 850 D 18-55IS STM cameras were mounted over the wheat crop in 10 × 10 square feet area of land and 3670 different weed images have been collected. The 2936 weed images were used for training and 734 images for testing and validation. The Efficient Net-B7 and Inception V4 architectures have been used to train the model that has provided accuracy of 97% and 94% respectively. The Image classification using Inspection V4 was unsuccessful with less accurate results as compared to EfficientNet-B7.
Highlights
Crop production is an important component of the agriculture system and responsible for global food management
This study proposes EfficientNet deep learning architecture for the classification of weed plant
Images with specific soil types are taken with various digital instrument cameras and light conditions are collected inside the fields
Summary
Crop production is an important component of the agriculture system and responsible for global food management. The Deep Learning Techniques and methods are best suited to properly plan and manage crop production and increase the income of farmers along with the productivity of crops. The growth of weeds within the crop will affect the basic resources such as water, soil, minerals, fresh air, sunlight, etc. It has been observed that 35% of crops are destroyed due to the growth of different types of weeds in the agriculture field [1]. Weeds grow faster and affect the target crop growth by absorbing the nutrients present in the soil. The impact of nutrient deficiencies on crop production is identified in the leaves of the crop and weed plant, the symptoms like texture, the morphological, spectral properties changes [3].
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