Abstract
Abstract Locating controversial public facilities, such as highways or airports, which generate significant public opposition, requires a more sophisticated methodology than the traditional least-cost procedures for minimizing physical costs. Two models which evaluate the effects of opposition on the expected total costs of implementation are discussed—a short-run “political placation” model and a long-run “welfare distribution” model. A strategy of side-payments, or concessions in the form of additional facilities or services, is demonstrated within the frameworks of the models. The short-run placation model can be treated either as a descriptive tool or normative approach for locating so-called “noxious” facilities while the long-run welfare model prescribes a more equitable distribution of these facilities and their essential side-payments.
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