A dataset of GDP spatial distribution on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (2020)

Abstract

Economic spatial distribution data serve as an indicator for disaster loss assessment. The economy of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is relatively backward and geological disasters occur frequently, so it is of great significance to study the impact of disasters on the economy in this area. Based on the method of zoning and industry simulation, this study establishes the corresponding relationship between the GDP1（GDP of Primary Industry）and land use types, DEM（Digital Elevation Model）, village points, roads and river buffers. Spatial models of night lighting, building site and points of interest data after the coupling of the GDP23（GDP of Secondary and Tertiary Industries）and multiple information are established in urban areas and counties. We used the random forest to determine the weights of various indicators in the secondary and tertiary industries, and calculated the grid value of GDP23. Finally, we superimposed the grid of GDP1 and GDP23 and created the spatial distribution map of GDP（Gross Domestic Product）of 100 m×100 m on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in 2020. According to the accuracy verification using county-level GDP statistical data, the Root Mean Square Error is 0.0385, which shows that the data can better reflect the spatial distribution of GDP on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This dataset can provide GDP spatial data support for disaster risk assessment, disaster prevention and mitigation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.