A dataset of ecological sensitivity evaluation of Sanya City in 2020

Abstract

Ecological sensitivity refers to the sensitivity of the ecological environment to the natural phenomena and human activities in a region. As one of the main methods to analyze the stability of the regional ecological environment, it can reflect the possibility of the occurrence of ecological imbalance and ecological environmental problems. It is important for regional ecological protection and decision-making. For Sanya City, the central city in the southern part of Hainan Province, improving and protecting the ecological environment plays an important role in the sustainable development of the region. In this paper, we chose Sanya City as the study area to compile a dataset of ecological sensitivity evaluation of Sanya City in 2020. We used 9 factors (i.e. elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation coverage, water body, land use type, soil erosion intensity, population density distribution, and road accessibility distance) as the ecological sensitivity evaluation indicators. And we adopted the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to calculate the weight of each evaluation index, and divided the study area into five levels: non-sensitive, low-sensitive, medium-sensitive, high-sensitive, and extremely high-sensitive through GIS spatial analysis and calculation. In terms of the data quality control, we carried out various data verifications by screening cloud-free images in the Sanya City area, the kappa coefficient of the land use supervision and classification consistency test (about 0.85), and combined the NDWI results with the remote sensing images to obtain the water body range, so as to improve the reliability of data quality. This dataset can reflect the ecological sensitivity of Sanya City, and provide a reference data source for ecological environmental protection, resource development and land planning in Sanya City.