A data-driven VIKOR procedure for predictive modeling of porphyry copper prospectivity in SE Iran

Abstract

This research is aimed at comparing the performance of a proposed data-driven VIKOR method with its knowledge-driven version for porphyry copper prospectivity modeling in the Sardouyeh district, Kerman province, SE Iran. Sixteen exploratory layers from various sources were first nominated for this purpose. These layers were provided from the following sources: (1) multi-element geochemical signatures derived from principal component analysis (PCA); (2) distribution of geophysical footprints derived from aeromagnetic and potassium radioelement surveys; (3) proximity to ore host rocks and tectonic controls; and (4) proximity to hydrothermal alterations. For better comprehension of exploration layers, their values were transferred to the same range [0–1] using fuzzy logic. For predictive modeling of porphyry-type copper mineralization, an improved data-driven VIKOR model was introduced in this paper that its main foundation is based on the calculation of criteria and their relevant classes weights in a data-driven way using prediction-area (P-A) plots and normalized density index (Nd), respectively. This methodology was applied twice: once on all exploratory layers and again only on efficient evidence layers. In order to compare and evaluate the performance of the novel methodology introduced for predicting high-favorable areas associated with Cu-porphyry deposits, on the basis of expert opinion and an Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach, the AHP-VIKOR procedure was implemented as a knowledge-driven method. A success-rate curve was employed to accurately compare the performance of three models, quantitatively. The findings reveal that the improved data-driven VIKOR approach using efficient evidence layers covered 80 % of Cu occurrences in only 6 % of the total area of the region, which led to much more precise and high-quality outcomes. Moreover, it provides more effective performance to be employed for more detailed exploration programs in this study area and similar studies in other regions.