Abstract
This study presents a data-driven retrofitting approach by systematically analyzing the energy performance of existing high-rise residential buildings using a normative calculation logic-based simulation method. To demonstrate the practicality of the approach, typical existing buildings in five climate zones of China are analyzed based on the local building characteristics and climatic conditions. The results show that the total energy consumption is 544 kWh/m2/year in the severe cold zone, which is slightly higher than that in the cold zone (519 kWh/m2/year), but double that in the hot summer and cold winter zone, three times higher than that in the warm zone, and five times above that in the temperate zone. The dominant energy needs in different climatic zones are distinctive. The identified potentially suitable retrofitting measures are important in reducing large-scale energy consumption and can be used in supporting sustainable retrofit decisions for existing high-rise residential buildings in different climatic zones.
Highlights
While energy is consumed in different commodities, urban areas emit 70% of the total greenhouse gases globally [1]
To identify the potential retrofitting measures, this study evaluated the energy performance of existing high-rise buildings in different climate zones in China
The existing building energy consumption determines the applicability of different types of renovation measures to different climatic zones
Summary
While energy is consumed in different commodities, urban areas emit 70% of the total greenhouse gases globally [1]. Energy consumption in existing buildings accounts for about 40% of global energy use, which exceeds the needs of industry and transportation [2,3]. Of this total, space heating and cooling consume approximately 60% [4]. The rate of energy consumption in China, for example, is expected to increase by an average of 7.4% over the decade [3], with the total energy need in buildings increasing from the 2005 level by 110–150% by 2050 and by 160–220% by 2095 [11]). Residential energy use has increased by an average of 2.4% per year since 2012 in China [12]
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