A Cross between Bread Wheat and a 2D(2R) Disomic Substitution Triticale Line Leads to the Formation of a Novel Disomic Addition Line and Provides Information of the Role of Rye Secalins on Breadmaking Characteristics.

Francesco Sestili,Stefania Masci,Benedetta Margiotta,Samuela Palombieri,Patrizia Vaccino,Sergio Lucretti,Salvatore Moscaritolo,Domenico Lafiandra,Debora Giorgi

doi:10.3390/ijms21228450

Abstract

A bread wheat line (N11) and a disomic 2D(2R) substitution triticale line were crossed and backrossed four times. At each step electrophoretic selection for the seeds that possessed, simultaneously, the complete set of high molecular weight glutenin subunits of N11 and the two high molecular weight secalins of rye, present in the 2D(2R) line, was carried out. Molecular cytogenetic analyses of the BC4F8 generation revealed that the selection carried out produced a disomic addition line (2n = 44). The pair of additional chromosomes consisted of the long arm of chromosome 1R (1RL) from rye fused with the satellite body of the wheat chromosome 6B. Rheological analyses revealed that the dough obtained by the new addition line had higher quality characteristics when compared with the two parents. The role of the two additional high molecular weight secalins, present in the disomic addition line, in influencing improved dough characteristics is discussed.

Highlights

Wheat represents one of the most important crops for global food security, providing 20% of the total calories and 21% of the daily dietary protein consumed by the human population [1]
Modern wheat varieties are affected by a reduced genetic diversity, as consequence of different processes such as polyploidization, domestication, and modern plant breeding, the need to introduce new genetic diversity into breeding programs, to satisfy the demand of varieties with good yield and superior processing and nutritional characteristics, represents a primary objective, in light of the new challenges posed by the global climate change [5]
In a previous work we have shown that Xiaoyanmai 7 (XY7) can be considered a substituted triticale possessing the set of chromosomes of the A and B genomes, six pairs of rye chromosomes, and the 2D(2R) substitution [25]

Summary

Introduction

Wheat represents one of the most important crops for global food security, providing 20% of the total calories and 21% of the daily dietary protein consumed by the human population [1]. The global production has reached about 735 million tonnes in 2018, making the wheat the third most important crop after maize and rice (http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC/visualize). The success of wheat depends on its adaptability to different climatic conditions (from cold countries as Scandinavia and Russia to Argentina, including elevated regions in the tropics and subtropics) [2] and the unique visco-elastic properties of wheat doughs that permit to produce a vast range of end products, unmatched by the other two major cereals maize and rice, such as different kinds of bread, pasta, noodles, pizza, cakes, snacks, and other bakery foods [3]. Modern wheat varieties are affected by a reduced genetic diversity, as consequence of different processes such as polyploidization, domestication, and modern plant breeding, the need to introduce new genetic diversity into breeding programs, to satisfy the demand of varieties with good yield and superior processing and nutritional characteristics, represents a primary objective, in light of the new challenges posed by the global climate change [5]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion