Abstract

Thus far, recent judgments on women’s property rights delivered by the Nigerian Supreme Court have been perceived as a development of customary law. This article argues that these judgments mask the indifferent attitude of apex courts to women’s matrimonial property rights under customary law. This indifference is evident from the Supreme Court’s failure to address the preservative philosophy of property rights and the unsuitability of this philosophy to contemporary conditions. To bring this failure into critical focus, the article primarily uses case analyses to critique divorce and succession judgments delivered by the Supreme Court and Court of Appeal. It finds that apex courts prefer the repugnancy test over the Bill of Rights, using a balancing act that shields the customary law of matrimonial property from constitutional scrutiny. Among other measures, the article suggests that customary law should be unequivocally subjected to the Bill of Rights, and legislation should be enacted to regulate customary laws of succession, marriage and divorce.

Highlights

  • Unlike countries such as South Africa, Ghana, Kenya and Uganda, the co-existence of customary law and state law in Nigeria is not constitutionally defined.[1]

  • The article argues that these judgments mask the indifferent attitude of apex courts to women’s matrimonial property rights under customary law

  • This indifference is evident from the Supreme Court’s failure to address the preservative philosophy of property rights and the unsuitability of this philosophy to contemporary conditions. To bring this failure into critical focus, the article primarily uses case analyses to critique divorce and succession judgments delivered by the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeal. It finds that apex courts prefer the repugnancy test over the Bill of Rights, using a balancing act that shields the customary law of matrimonial property from constitutional scrutiny

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Summary

Summary

Recent judgments on women’s property rights delivered by the Nigerian Supreme Court have been perceived as a development of customary law. The article argues that these judgments mask the indifferent attitude of apex courts to women’s matrimonial property rights under customary law This indifference is evident from the Supreme Court’s failure to address the preservative philosophy of property rights and the unsuitability of this philosophy to contemporary conditions. To bring this failure into critical focus, the article primarily uses case analyses to critique divorce and succession judgments delivered by the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeal.

Introduction
15 T Nhlapo ‘The African family and women’s rights
Contextual framework
20 M Green Igbo village affairs
A problematic legal framework
Nature of customary law
40 J Gardner ‘Legal positivism
45 GR Woodman ‘Ideological combat and social observation
49 S Moore Law as process
Proof of customary law
61 W Ncube ‘The white paper on marriage and inheritance in Zimbabwe
Judicial attitude towards matrimonial property rights
Judicial use of the repugnancy test
Supreme Court’s use of the Bill of Rights
Use of the Bill of Rights by the Court of Appeal
Attitude of apex courts to divorce
April judgments
A balancing act
Conclusion and the way forward
Recommendations
Full Text
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