Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (P(3HB-co-3HV)) is the most studied short-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) with high application importance in various fields. The domination of high-cost propionate and valerate over other 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) precursors owing to their wide preference among PHA-producing bacteria has hindered the development of diverse production processes. As alkyl alcohols are mainly produced from inexpensive starting materials through oxo synthesis, they contribute a cost-effective advantage over propionate and valerate. Moreover, alkyl alcohols can be biosynthesized from natural substrates and organic wastes. Despite their great potential, their toxicity to most PHA-producing bacteria has been the major drawback for their wide implementation as 3HV precursors for decades. Although the standard PHA-producing bacteria Cupriavidus necator showed promising alcohol tolerance, the 3HV yield was discouraging. Continuous discovery of alkyl alcohols-utilizing PHA-producing bacteria has enabled broader choices in 3HV precursor selection for diverse P(3HB-co-3HV) production processes with higher economic feasibility. Besides continuous effort in searching for promising wild-type strains, genetic engineering to construct promising recombinant strains based on the understanding of the mechanisms involved in alkyl alcohols toxicity and tolerance is an alternative approach. However, more studies are required for techno-economic assessment to analyze the economic performance of alkyl alcohol-based production compared to that of organic acids.
Highlights
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are emerging as the generation plastics owing to their plastic-like properties, renewability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility [1]
Since the discovery of Paracoccus denitrificans ATCC 17741 with the capability to convert 1-pentanol into 3HV in 1996, various alkyl alcohol-tolerant PHA-producing bacteria were discovered continually whereby several of them depicted promising 3HV yield [14]. This critical review condenses the production of P(3HB-co-3HV) from alkyl alcohols and the promising potential of alkyl alcohols as cost-effective 3HV precursors to go beyond the bottleneck in precursors selection that is limited to organic acids
Various carbon sources have been explored, limited precursor choice due to the domination by propionate and valerate has caused the development of diverse P(3HB-co3HV) production to reach a bottleneck
Summary
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are emerging as the generation plastics owing to their plastic-like properties, renewability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility [1]. Since the discovery of Paracoccus denitrificans ATCC 17741 with the capability to convert 1-pentanol into 3HV in 1996, various alkyl alcohol-tolerant PHA-producing bacteria were discovered continually whereby several of them depicted promising 3HV yield [14] This critical review condenses the production of P(3HB-co-3HV) from alkyl alcohols and the promising potential of alkyl alcohols as cost-effective 3HV precursors to go beyond the bottleneck in precursors selection that is limited to organic acids. Decomposition temperature: 261.2 → 288.7 ◦C Strain:14.0% → 9.5% Stress: 3.5 → 4.5 MPa. A Synthetic atactic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (α-P(3HB)), bovine serum albumin capped silver (Ag/BSA), ascorbic acid (AS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), carbon nanotubes (CNT), dicumyl peroxide (DCP), distillers’ dried grains with solubles (DDGS), hydroxyapatite (HA), organophilic attapulgite (MAT), Miscanthus (Misc), 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG), natural rubber (NR), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(2-hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), not available (NA). D H. seropedicae Z69 with the 2-methylcitrate synthase (PrpC) gene eliminated
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