A critical review of various synthesis methods of nanoparticles and their applications in biomedical, regenerative medicine, food packaging, and environment

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Nanoparticles (NPs) are particles with unique features that have been used in a variety of fields, including healthcare, farming, and the food industry. Recent research has shown many possible uses for nanoparticles, including gas sensors, waste management, food preservation, high-temperature superconductors, field emission emitters, food processing, food packaging, and agriculture. Nanoparticles application is connected with the nutritive, coating, and sensory properties of food compounds. Nanoparticles have shown specific anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant activity, and making them an attractive tool for biomedical applications. Because of their extraordinary mechanical, magnetic, electric, thermal, and electric capabilities, some nanoparticles are more important than others. Numerous nanoparticles have been used in the sectors of agriculture, industry, the environment, medicine, sensors, fungicidal, nematicidal therapy, catalysis, and color degradation. Furthermore, the synthesis method is crucial for the final nanosystem’s characteristics. Food businesses frequently employ nano-coating to prevent food spoiling. The various NP synthesis techniques and their numerous applications in the relevant sector are therefore briefly explored. This review gives us an overview of the different synthesis methods of nanoparticles and their application in different fields of biotechnology such as nanomedicine, tissue engineering, the food industry, and biomedical applications.Graphical abstract