Abstract
This paper summarizes leadership theories and critically analyzes the different viewpoints on leadership theory in the real corporate world. The main purpose of the study is to examine leadership theories from a critical perspective in a practical context. The systematization of the literature sources and study approaches for solving the problem on a practical perspective toward leadership theories that indicate leadership theories are emerging research topics in the dynamic environment. The relevance of this critical perspective on leadership theories is redesign leadership style based on the current business environment. Investigation of the leadership theories from a critical perspective is conducted in the following logical sequence, such as the introduction, literature review, methodological tools of the research, analysis of each leadership theory, results, discussion, and conclusion of the study. The paper presents the outcome of an empirical analysis on a critical perspective of leadership theories, which showed that leadership theories have not yet been combined. The research empirically confirms that leadership theories prove that the outcome of the study can be a critical tool for future researchers, industry practitioners and other related stakeholders to redesign the leadership style to suit the competitive business environment. The result of the research can be useful to provide significant implications and insights into the leadership theories. A critical analysis of those theories shall enlighten the literature review of leadership theories and redesign leadership style to create a new set of leadership theories since no universal leadership style is accepted in the world. Finally, the leadership style has shifted to another dimension in emotional intelligence due to COVID-19, the global pandemic, creating a new set of attributable skills such as good listening skills, resilience, collaboration, and empathy. COVID-19 has developed a unique leadership style called resilient style.
Highlights
Scholars have defined leadership and key terms used in the definitions of leadership are goals, inspiring others, decisive actions and focus for the foreseeable future, etc
The pioneer leadership theory known as the great man theory was developed in 1840, and all other theories were developed based on the first leadership theory
The research objective is a critical perspective of leadership theories and supports existing leadership to develop a new set of leadership theories to suit the competitive business environment
Summary
Scholars have defined leadership and key terms used in the definitions of leadership are goals, inspiring others, decisive actions and focus for the foreseeable future, etc. This study is a critical analysis of leadership theories developed based on various scholarly comments and the recent emergence in global business leadership style. The theories are developed throughout periods and new philosophical leadership theories are consistently emerging due to the rapid changes in the business environment worldwide. Different leadership styles require different situations in which effective leadership style must change in line with environmental factors or according to the situation in the dynamic business environment. The leadership theories were developed based on the situation and competencies in the dynamic environment. Many leadership theories have been developed to build new leadership theories based on the competitive environment. The numbers of research and publication on leadership have dramatically increased recently to help build the new leadership theory. The result of the study is to enhance the leadership literature review and concludes that no universal leadership style is accepted in the world
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