Abstract
Medicinal importance of many plants has drawn the attention of researchers to focus on unveiling their therapeutic molecules. Approximately, 25% of the commonly used medicines contain compounds isolated from plants. The World Health Organization has highlighted that many plants in the world have been discovered to possess high medicinal value. The presence of large amounts of polysaccharides, polyphenols, hydrosable tannins and other secondary metabolites makes these plants to be medicinal. Moreover, the plants may contain simple phenolic compounds, phenolic acids, coumarin, flavonoids, stilbenes, hydrosable and condensed tannins, lignin and lignans. The phenolic compounds and flavonoids in particular, are ubiquitous in plants and therefore, represent an important component of a normal human diet. Hence, this review tends to elucidate the extraction of bioactive compounds from Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) and the extraction methods.
Highlights
This plant is commonly known as God’s crown [1], it originates from Papua Island located in the far east of the Indonesian archipelago, Indonesia and grows in tropical areas
Phaleria macrocarpa that belongs to Thymelaceae family has been traditionally used as an indispensable medicinal plant for centuries in Malaysia and Indonesia [2]
In the extraction of bioactive compounds from Phaleria macrocarpa, the choice of extraction method is an essential factor in order to achieve quality and higher yields
Summary
This plant is commonly known as God’s crown [1], it originates from Papua Island located in the far east of the Indonesian archipelago, Indonesia and grows in tropical areas. The Phaleria macrocarpa trees are thick, evergreen and grow in a tropical region up to 1,200 meters above sea level. The tree height ranges from 1 to 18 metres. The leaves are green and tapering with length and width ranging from 7-10 cm and 3-5 cm respectively. The flowers are either in green or maroon. The eclipse shaped fruits change from green to red when ripening. The diameter of the fruit is 3 cm and its grows on the trunks and branches of trees, and each fruit has 1 to 2 brown, ovoid and anatropous seeds [3]
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