Abstract
The potential of biogas generation from anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) has turned into one of the most plausible and consistent prospects compared to other alternative waste minimization treatment technologies in India. The amount of MSW is rising exponentially with the rapid growth of population, urbanization and industrialization yearly. The generated MSW in Asia Pacific Region countries specially in India, contains higher fraction of organic matter which encourages the biochemical treatment technologies more sustainable towards waste to energy perspective. AD is a very simple and user-friendly process and also economically feasible. It is a series of biochemical reactions depending on various optimum circumstances and the microorganisms are very sensitive with process parameters like pH (5.5–8.5), temperature (mesophilic 25–40 °C and thermophilic 50–65 °C) and C/N ratio (25–30). The technical possibility, operational immovability, commercial probability, and sustainability of AD for biogas production from OFMSW in India have also been critically studied in this review. The reactor design, Indian anaerobic digester models, process aspects and yields are analysed in this study. Responsible actions were taken by the Ministry of New Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India by launching several campaigns like Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), Swachh Bharat Urban, National Biogas and Manure Management Programme Indian (NBMMP). These programmes have intended for appropriate implementations of household anaerobic digesters, biogas plants and proper waste management by giving awareness training programmes and subsidies in rural India.
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