Abstract
What is known about this topic?Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is widespread globally. In China, COVID-19 has been well controlled and has appeared only in importation-related cases. Local epidemics occur sporadically in China and have been contained relatively quickly.What is added by this report?Epidemiological investigation with genome sequence traceability analysis showed that the first case of COVID-19 in Nangong City acquired infection from a confirmed case from Shijiazhuang City; infection subsequently led to 76 local cases. All cases were associated with the index case, and most were located in Fenggong Street and did not spread outside of Nangong City. The main routes of transmission were family clusters, intra-unit transmission, and nosocomial transmission.What are the implications for public health practice?This study highlights new techniques for rapidly tracing cases and identifying COVID-19 transmission chains. The different epidemiological characteristics in Nangong City, from the earliest stages of the outbreak, suggest that allocation of health sources for prevention and treatment were reasonable. Preventing transmission within medical institutions and isolation facilities and strengthening management in the community should be priorities for COVID-19 control during a city lockdown.
Highlights
The field epidemiological investigation and case tracing found that Patient A went to the respiratory department of Hebei Children’s Hospital in Shijiazhuang City on December 25, 2020 and had close contact with a symptomatic case of COVID-19 in a waiting area
Whole genome sequence traceability analysis from Hebei CDC found that the viral nucleic acid sample from Patient A, compared with the Wuhan reference strain (NC_045512), had mutation characteristics of the gene locus of the European family of the L genotype and was on the B.1.1.123 branch
Considering dates of illness onset identified by the field epidemiological investigation and the sampling date of the first positive nucleic acid test, the first COVID-19 infection in Nangong City occurred on January 1
Summary
Shiwei Liu1,&; Shuhua Yuan2,&; Yinqi Sun; Baoguo Zhang; Huazhi Wang; Jinxing Lu1; Wenjie Tan; Xiaoqiu Liu; Qi Zhang; Yunting Xia; Xifang Lyu; Jianguo Li2,#; Yan Guo1,#. In China, COVID-19 has been well controlled and has appeared only in importationrelated cases. The different epidemiological characteristics in Nangong City, from the earliest stages of the outbreak, suggest that allocation of health sources for prevention and treatment were reasonable. COVID-19 is widespread globally but has been well controlled in China with only scattered, importation-related local outbreaks following containment in April 2020. On January 3, 2021, Nangong City (part of Xingtai City, Hebei Province with 484,000 residents in 2017) reported its first symptomatic case of COVID-19. On January 9, Nangong City was locked down by conducting control and prevention measures that included staying at home and closing work units for seven days. As of January 27, 2021, 76 cases had been reported in Nangong City; among these, 8 were asymptomatic. No additional cases have been reported to date, and there were no COVID-19-related deaths in the outbreak
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