Abstract

An important goal of graduate education is for the students to develop an internal set of ethical standards that will guide them throughout their professional careers. Several recent examples of apparent ethical misconduct within the academic community have raised questions about our ethical stan dards in general. There have been allega tions that dissertations, books, or journal articles have been based on falsified or plagiarized materials, that individuals have inappropriately manipulated or overstated the significance of research data, and that unsubstantiated informa tion has been presented prematurely to the public. These cases have involved graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and nationally recognized scientists and scholars. Although most instances of mis conduct have been in biom?dical research, others have occurred in fields such as history and religion. These apparent lapses in ethical behav ior have been extensively reported in Sci ence, Nature, and The Chronicle of High er Education, as well as in major newspapers and newsmagazines. The resulting pressure from the media and the Congress on the academic community for public accountability has led to an intense

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