Abstract
A common approach for the numerical modeling of granular materials is to consider the material as continuous and describe its mechanical behavior by a macroscopic constitutive equation so that the Finite Element Method (FEM) can be applied. The major drawbacks of this approach are that an appropriate stress-strain law may either be very complicated or not even existent and that the evolution of discontinuities is hard to handle. Hence the Discrete Element Method (DEM) [1] is used here to model granular materials in a physically more correct way. Furthermore a coupling-scheme between DEM and FEM is presented to model the interaction of granular materials and solid structures.
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