Abstract
Anaerobic bacteria have displayed great potential as a wastewater treatment method because of their efficiency, high methane yield, and low input requirements. In the past, studies have investigated various aspects of these systems, including their chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, methane yield, and retention times. However, they have mostly focused on single stage high rate anaerobic (HRAA) reactors such as the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. In this paper, we aim to synthesize the results of these studies to investigate the advantages of building upon the UASB via a two-stage thermophilic-mesophilic (T-M) reactor system with an anaerobic filter (AF) as the acidification tank. The key constraint for adopting two-stage anaerobic systems is primarily related to construction and O&M costs. Therefore, we propose adjusting pH levels and influent flow rates to enhance energy generation and cost-efficiency. This approach aims to encourage greater utilization of two-stage anaerobic systems for wastewater treatment by lowering costs and increasing profits.
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