Abstract
PurposeA standalone microgrid (MG) is able to use local renewable resources and reduce the loss in long distance transmission. But the single-phase device in a standalone MG can cause the voltage unbalance condition and additional power loss that reduces the cycle life of battery. This paper proposes an energy management strategy for the battery/supercapacitor (SC) hybrid energy storage system (HESS) to improve the transient performance of bus voltage under unbalanced load condition in a standalone AC microgrid (MG).Design/methodology/approachThe SC has high power density and much more cycling times than battery and thus to be controlled to absorb the transient and unbalanced active power as well as the reactive power under unbalanced condition. Under the proposed energy management design, the battery only needs to generate balanced power to balance the steady state power demand. The energy management strategy for battery/SC HESS in a standalone AC MG is validated in simulation study using PSCAD/EMTDC.FindingsThe results show that the energy management strategy of HESS maintains the bus voltage and eliminates the unbalance condition under single-phase load. In addition, with the SC to absorb the reactive power and unbalanced active power, the unnecessary power loss in battery is reduced with shown less accumulate depth of discharge and higher average efficiency.Originality/valueWith this technology, the service life of the HESS can be extended and the total cost can be reduced.
Highlights
With the fast development of electrical technologies in recent decades, modern power systems normally use a lot of distributed resources (DRs), including both the renewable energy generations, such as wind turbine, photovoltaic (PV), geothermal and tidal, and micro resources, such as fuel cell and micro-turbine (Blaabjerg et al, 2004)
Where Vsc is the terminal voltage of SC, Vc is its initial open circuit voltage depending on its state of charge, iC is the discharging current, C is the capacitance of SC, REP and RES are the equivalent parallel and series resistor of SC
This paper proposed an energy management strategy for a battery and supercapacitor (SC) hybrid energy storage system (HESS) in order to improve the transient performance of bus voltage under unbalanced load condition in a standalone AC microgrid (MG) and reduce the usage of battery
Summary
With the fast development of electrical technologies in recent decades, modern power systems normally use a lot of distributed resources (DRs), including both the renewable energy generations, such as wind turbine, photovoltaic (PV), geothermal and tidal, and micro resources, such as fuel cell and micro-turbine (Blaabjerg et al, 2004). A hybrid energy storage system (HESS) combining battery and SC become a typical solution to provide both high energy capacities and high power density (Li and Joos, 2008a; Dogger et al, 2011) In recent years, this application is widely applied in electric vehicle (Camara et al, 2008, 2010, 2012; Zhang et al, 2017; Golchoubian and Azad, 2017; Song et al, 2017, 2018; Yodwong et al, 2020), tramway (Han et al, 2017; Li et al, 2017), fuel cell ship (Chen et al, 2020), wind/PV power generation system (Li et al, 2010; Tummuru et al, 2015; Abdelkader et al, 2018; Jing et al, 2018), other renewable energy sources (Jayasinghe et al, 2011) and DC microgrid (Thounthong et al, 2007; Zhou et al, 2011; Jing et al, 2016; Enang and Johnson, 2020). The battery SOC and DOD are presented as (Dogger et al, 2011)
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