Abstract
The human vestibular system for dynamic space orientation is described mathematically, using the identification methods of control theory. A biocybernetic model is useful in predicting man's perceived orientation in space, postural reactions, nystagmus eye movements, and piloting actions based on motion cues. The semicircular canals, which act as angular velocity sensors, have been subjected to a fluid dynamics analysis. The limitations of the torsion pendulum model are examined, and a quantitative description of adaptation is proposed. An otolith model, responding to linear acceleration forces, is presented and shown to agree with perception of tilt and translation, eye counterrolling, and electrophysiological data. Cross-coupling effects are discussed, including the influence of linear acceleration on the semicircular canals.
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