Abstract
The semantic web is an emerging technology that helps to connect different users to create their content and also facilitates the way of representing information in a manner that can be made understandable for computers. As the world is heading towards the fourth industrial revolution, the implicit utilization of artificial-intelligence-enabled semantic web technologies paves the way for many real-time application developments. The fundamental building blocks for the overwhelming utilization of semantic web technologies are ontologies, and it allows sharing as well as reusing the concepts in a standardized way so that the data gathered from heterogeneous sources receive a common nomenclature, and it paves the way for disambiguating the duplicates very easily. In this context, the right utilization of ontology capabilities would further strengthen its presence in many web-based applications such as e-learning, virtual communities, social media sites, healthcare, agriculture, etc. In this paper, we have given the comprehensive review of using the semantic web in the domain of healthcare, some virtual communities, and other information retrieval projects. As the role of semantic web is becoming pervasive in many domains, the demand for the semantic web in healthcare, virtual communities, and information retrieval has been gaining huge momentum in recent years. To obtain the correct sense of the meaning of the words or terms given in the textual content, it is deemed necessary to apply the right ontology to fix the ambiguity and shun any deviations that persist on the concepts. In this review paper, we have highlighted all the necessary information for a good understanding of the semantic web and its ontological frameworks.
Highlights
We provide a contemporary review on utilizing semantic web technologies in healthcare, virtual communities, and ontology-based information processing systems; We discuss the lack of reusability of the applications such as e-learning and healthcare datasets from a semantic web technologies perspective; We elaborate on the poor resource-sharing mechanisms between application-specific models, in virtual communities and information retrieval; We discuss the absence of real-time availability of data in semantic web technologies; We present various open challenges and numerous future research directions for semantic web technologies
This review presents the domain-specific advances reached in semantic web technologies and offers comprehensive methodologies followed in healthcare, virtual communities, and ontology-based information processing systems
Over the 20 years of semantic web existence, its importance has been widely recognized in wide spectrum of knowledge management and, it has taken the strong base in data sharing, knowledge discovery, integration, and reusability
Summary
While discussing the potential of the web, Web 2.0 or the recently evolving semantic web, the foremost thing to remember is the network effect. This phenomenon was witnessed in the most popular PageRank algorithms [1] developed by Google to assign priority to web pages and enhanced the searching and retrieval operations on its search engine. The semantic web takes a significant advantage in creating links between different ontological sources and designing the joint network effects to connect the social space for its web users. Before the advancement of Web 2.0, websites such as Flickr and Del.icio.us permitted web users to create their content dynamically and post on these sites. The author O’Reilly [4] highlighted that the link space that emerged from the blogs and other sites enabled the network effect and made the web content more dynamic
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