Abstract
Objective: To report the median survival time in a contemporary cohort of dogs with primary lung tumors and intrathoracic nodal metastasis.Design: Retrospective Case Series.Animals (or sample): Dogs with primary lung tumors treated with lung lobectomy and lymph node biopsy.Procedures: The medical record database at Colorado State University was queried for dogs with primary lung tumors from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2017. Patients were identified for inclusion if they had lung lobectomy and an intrathoracic lymph node biopsy performed. The median survival time (MST) for lymph node positive (LN+) and negative dogs (LN–) was calculated as well as the MST in dogs that did or did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Differences were compared between groups with significance set at p < 0.05.Results: The MST in LN+ dogs (n = 11) was 167 days which was not statistically different from LN– dogs (n = 29) at 456 days (p = 0.2407). No significant difference in the MST in LN+ dogs was identified between dogs that received adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 4; 110 days) and those that did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 6; 125 days) (p = 0.4409). There was no difference in survival time in LN– dogs receiving chemotherapy (n = 12; 335 days) as compared to those LN– dogs (n = 10) that did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy (258.5 days; p = 0.6475).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: The survival of primary pulmonary neoplasia in dogs with intrathoracic nodal metastasis is longer than previously reported in this contemporary cohort. Chemotherapy did not appear to improve survival in LN+ or LN– dogs. The combination of tumor size between 100 and 999 cm3 and positive lymph node status significantly reduced survival.
Highlights
Primary lung tumors in dogs have a relatively low incidence within the pet population occurring in ∼2–4 dogs per ten thousand in the US and UK [1,2,3,4,5]
Given the notable difference in survival time when LN metastasis is present, a thoracic computed tomography (CT) study is encouraged as part of the diagnostic work-up for patients with primary lung tumors [25]
Four hundred and forty-eight cases of primary lung tumors were identified within the database with 98 of these having surgery for tumor removal
Summary
Primary lung tumors in dogs have a relatively low incidence within the pet population occurring in ∼2–4 dogs per ten thousand in the US and UK [1,2,3,4,5]. The diagnosis of a LN+ primary lung cancer garners a grave prognosis with a median survival of 60 days (Ogilvie n = 12), 26 days (McNeil n = 15), 58 days (Polton n = 16) and more recently, 131 days (Paoloni n = 6) as compared to 285 days for LN– dogs [13, 21,22,23]. Given the notable difference in survival time when LN metastasis is present, a thoracic computed tomography (CT) study is encouraged as part of the diagnostic work-up for patients with primary lung tumors [25]. The presence of lymph node metastasis suggests a grave prognosis, our clinical impression is that these patients live longer following treatment
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