Abstract
Ice formation and loss in the Laurentian Great Lakes has a strong impact on regional climate, weather, economy and ecology in North America. To record the ice changes during the winter season, Great Lakes ice cover data has been collected and maintained since 1973 by Canadian Ice Service, U.S. National Ice Center, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory. Throughout this long history, technology has improved and the needs of users have evolved, so Great Lakes ice cover datasets have been upgraded several times in both spatial and temporal resolutions. In order to make those long-term data consistent and accessible, we reprocessed the Great Lakes ice cover database to generate daily gridded data (1.8 km resolution) using a re-project method with Nearest Neighbor Search for spatial interpolation, and linear interpolation with categorization for temporal interpolation. This report elucidates data history, generation procedures, and file structure in order to improve access and usability of Great Lakes ice cover data.
Highlights
Background & SummaryThe Great Lakes ice cover[1] (GLIC) data are analysed and generated jointly by Canadian Ice Service (CIS) and U.S National Ice Center (USNIC) using coordinated ice charting practices since winter 1973 and 1989, respectively
We describe the spatial and temporal interpolation methods used for standardization
The Methods section is divided into three subsections: 1) Source Data and Pre-processing which briefly describes data format and pre-processing steps applied to ice cover data acquired from USNIC; 2) Spatial Interpolation for Winters 1973–2007 which describes how Grid-510 is re-projected and resampled to Grid-1024; 3) Temporal Interpolation for Winters 1973–2010 which describes the linear interpolation applied to Grid-1024 in the temporal domain for generating pseudo-daily GLIC
Summary
The Great Lakes ice cover[1] (GLIC) data are analysed and generated jointly by Canadian Ice Service (CIS) and U.S National Ice Center (USNIC) using coordinated ice charting practices since winter 1973 and 1989, respectively (winter 1973 refers to the winter period in 1972–1973, the definition remains the same through the article). Starting in winter 1996, USNIC and CIS began generating ice charts in digital form on a 510 × 516 grid (2.55 km resolution)[5]. In the technical validation section, we compare our results with other spatial interpolation methods (Kriging, bi-linear, and Wang et al.’s results)
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