A Congestion Control Optimal Model Design Perspectives of Non-safety Applications on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Survey of Requirements, Protocols, and Challenges

Abstract

The issues of congestion control on non-safety applications in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have received considerable crucial attention in the field of intelligent transport systems (ITS). The critical challenges of ITS applications are in the events of intermittent connectivity and data collisions. Another challenge is the event-driven effect on both safety and non-safety applications that are critically relied on delay and reliability. So far, the development of protocol stacks for VANETs implies the WAVE protocol other IEEE 802.11p MAC protocol. Based on IEEE 802.11p MAC protocol standard in the 5.9 GHz band (other similar protocols such as C2C-CC for European and CALM from ISO) in which adopt of vehicle manufacturers of Information Communication Technology (ICT) to address the safety systems, emergency (breakdown, SOS), traffic control, environmental, navigational, and tracking. Little attention has been given to non-safety applications, for instance, chat, twitter, SMS, internet services, video-on-the-go, etc. Besides, roadside-vehicle communications (RVC) caters for information concerning repair notifications, remote diagnostics, context information, navigation information, and alerts system. In this survey, we present a framework that proposes a guideline and recommendation for the congestion control mechanism perspectives in VANETs. In particular, researches are centered on the investigation of the mobility model of congestion control algorithms. Finally, this survey contributes to appropriate knowledge and challenges in legacy congestion control of VANETs and toward the future research development.