Abstract
We report a conductometric nanoparticle biosensor array to address the significant variation of electrical property in nanomaterial biosensors due to the random network nature of nanoparticle thin-film. Indium oxide and silica nanoparticles (SNP) are assembled selectively on the multi-site channel area of the resistors using layer-by-layer self-assembly. To demonstrate enzymatic biosensing capability, glucose oxidase is immobilized on the SNP layer for glucose detection. The packaged sensor chip onto a ceramic pin grid array is tested using syringe pump driven feed and multi-channel I–V measurement system. It is successfully demonstrated that glucose is detected in many different sensing sites within a chip, leading to concentration dependent currents. The sensitivity has been found to be dependent on the channel length of the resistor, 4–12 nA/mM for channel lengths of 5–20 μm, while the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant is 20 mM. By using sensor array, analytical data could be obtained with a single step of sample solution feeding. This work sheds light on the applicability of the developed nanoparticle microsensor array to multi-analyte sensors, novel bioassay platforms, and sensing components in a lab-on-a-chip.
Highlights
Biosensor technology has evolved synergistically with the advent of nanomaterials possessing novel properties such as mechanical stiffness and strength [1], electrical [2] and thermal conductivity [3], photoemission [4], electromechanical [5] and electrochemical [6] transduction, and catalytic activity [7], etc
Indium oxide (In2O3) nanoparticles (INPs) were successfully used for pH [19] and neurotransmitter acetylcholine sensing [18] as a type of ion-sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs)
We addressed this issue by fabricating all-nanoparticle biosensor array that enabled the statistical analysis after a single sample delivery step
Summary
Biosensor technology has evolved synergistically with the advent of nanomaterials possessing novel properties such as mechanical stiffness and strength [1], electrical [2] and thermal conductivity [3], photoemission [4], electromechanical [5] and electrochemical [6] transduction, and catalytic activity [7], etc. The immobilization of enzymes onto nanomaterials was demonstrated by the great enhancement of sensor capabilities [13,14] Most biological processes such as the citric acid cycle are based on the electrostatic interactions and charge transfers with the aid of enzymatic reactions [15]. Indium oxide (In2O3) nanoparticles (INPs) were successfully used for pH [19] and neurotransmitter acetylcholine sensing [18] as a type of ion-sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs) In spite of their excellent sensing properties, nanomaterial thin-films have disadvantages of the variation in electrical conductance from device to device presumably due to the random network nature of the electric path. This work shed light on the applicability of the developed microsensor array to multi-analyte sensors, novel bioassay platforms, and as a sensing component in lab-on-a-chip systems
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