A Concise Review on Synthesis, Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Chalcone

Abstract

Chalcones and their derivatives have been an area of great interest in recent years. Numbers of research publications have been published and chalcones continue to show promising effect for new drug investigations. Chalcone is an advantageous species with medicinal importance as it is consisting of highly reactive ketoethylenic system –CO–CH=CH– which belongs to flavonoids. Chalcones (1, 3-Diphenyl-2-propen-1-one) consists of a three carbon α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system and two or more aromatic rings and acts as precursors for the biosynthesis of flavonoids in plants. However, synthesis in laboratory of broad range of chalcones has also been reported. In chalcone and its derivatives, a highly reactive α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system is the major reason for their pharmacological potencies. Chalcones and their derivatives are known to show a wide range of pharmacological potencies such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antileishmanial, antifungal, anticancer, antibacterial, antiulcer, antiprotozoal, antitumor, antimalarial, antidiabetic, anthelmintic, insecticidal, antigout, antihistaminic, antiviral, antimycobacterial etc. Chalcones can be prepared by Claisen–Schmidt’s condensation, Aldol condensation, Heck’s reaction, Suzuki’s reaction, Ultrasound method of synthesis, Solvent free synthesis of chalcones, One pot synthesis, Sonogashira Isomerization coupling reaction etc. The purpose of the present review is to focus on the various methods of preparation of chalcones and derivatives and their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potencies.