A Conceptual Framework for the Use of Minimum Redundancy Linear Arrays and Flexible Arrays in Future Smartphones

Abstract

This work applies existing array processing principles to devise a new area of application. The properties of minimum redundancy linear arrays (MRLAs) and flexible arrays are studied, keeping in mind the possibility of using them in flexible 5G smartphones of the future. Millimeter frequencies for 5G communications enabled the use of a decent number of array elements, even at the user equipment (UE). MRLAs possess attractive properties among linear sparse arrays and flexible conformal arrays (flexible arrays) operate satisfactorily even when the surface they are built into changes shape. To the best of our knowledge, MRLAs were not applied to smartphones previously. In this work, a 16-element uniform linear array (ULA) and a 7-element MRLA (with the same aperture) are considered for simulations. Array factors of both the arrays in flat and bent positions have been computed using MATLAB. The effect of phase compensation and bending radii on the array pattern were verified. That phase compensation using the projection method (PM) restores the array pattern even for a bent MRLA is a major finding. Possible array processing modes have been suggested for a 5G smartphone in which the array could be made to operate in any of the four configurations: a flat ULA, a bent ULA, a flat MRLA, and a bent MRLA.