Abstract
The preservation of the authenticity of a building artifact in an archaeological area is a responsible practice. On the other hand, the need to save the building artifact from natural and anthropic degradation and ensuring the structural reliability as well as an efficient maintenance program are big challenges. These tasks usually involve the cooperation of several professionals and the responsible use of innovative techniques and materials. This paper focused on a specific design approach for the rehabilitation works of ancient constructions at archaeological sites. The proposed approach implies different steps that allow for design optimization at an increasing knowledge level of the existing structures. In the archaeological area, some crucial design aspects cannot be defined before the execution work phase, since some elements can only be revealed and identified during work execution. As a consequence, the final design has often been optimized after all the information has been acquired. A studied case at the archaeological site of Pompeii is herein presented to prove the efficiency of the proposed approach. This methodology reduces the uncertainty related due to the ancient material performance, to the level of damage and to the effectiveness of the rehabilitation work, unknown at the design stage.
Highlights
The design process in archeological sites is normally complex, as soon as several constraints influence the final results
The structural design of cultural heritage artifacts is conditioned by several constrains: the need to preserve the authenticity of the historical fabric, the presence of decorative surfaces that need to be protected, the existing damage level, the expected benefits and improvement in the structural behavior due to the rehabilitation works, the planned building use, and the time period between two planned consecutive maintenance interventions
The conservation level of the mortars and the characteristics of the material was evaluated through an electron microscope image in Environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) modality at low vacuum
Summary
The design process in archeological sites is normally complex, as soon as several constraints influence the final results. A design rehabilitation approach is presented, which aims to consider the constraints coming from the material fabric, the conservation principle as well as the structural performance and safety. The proposed interactive design approach, based on extensive experimental testing results, allows the professionals to optimize the design, to efficiently localize the intervention, and to introduce new design solutions and materials while respecting the principles of restoration for cultural heritage and the constraints of seismic construction codes.
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