A Conceptual Correspondence of the Symbol of Fish in Mythology, Holy Quran and Masnavi and Its Application in Artworks

Abstract

Abstract Symbol, Keyword or Sign are words that have diverse connotations. Symbols or mysteries (in its true sense) have enriched human life, so that no part of human life is free of the enigmatic. Symbol has long been used extensively in the arts and literature; furthermore, by the use of symbolism, the appearance of a word finds a hidden and symbolic meaning, which can diversify the expression of philosophies and ideas. Symbols in world arts and literature may have a diverse meaning depending on the culture and tradition of that nation, or in appropriate artistic and literary themes. Fish symbols have been widely used in mythical, religious and poetic literature as well as on the artworks of worldwide nations for various purposes. The artworks of Iran from the pre-Islamic era and beyond have hosted this pattern. The present research follows a descriptive-analytical approach and data collection is accomplished via library means. The results indicate that in mythology, fish are generally recognized as symbols of fertility and productiveness and have been applied in all faiths. In the Holy Qur'an, in the stories of Prophets Jonas, Moses and Khezr (PBUH), this symbol represents the search for the inner-self. From the study and comparison of the symbol of fish in mythology, Qur'an and the Masnavi on artworks, it appears that its implied meaning is related and in correlation with all the mentioned sources. In addition, from past eras, this symbol has long been used in decorative elements and handicrafts. Research aims: 1-To identify the commonalities and symbolic distinction of the fish symbol in mythology, Holy Qur’an and the Masnavi Manavi. 2- To examine how fish symbols are applied in artworks. Research questions: 1- How has the symbol of fish applied in mythology, Holy Qur’an and Masnavi Manavi? 2- How is the symbol of the fish applied in artworks?