Abstract

The present paper presents the planning, implementation, observation and analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data of a participatory action research, aiming to study the potential role, value and uses of MOOCs in secondary education. Within the context of this research, a computer programming hybrid MOOC (named PROG15) which combined aspects of both x- and c-MOOCs architecture and pedagogy was designed, implemented and openly provided to Greek Secondary Education students.The MOOC completion rate (xMOOC dimension) was relatively low, but similar to that of typical xMOOCs for adults, while the degree of collaboration with other students and contribution to the course content (the cMOOC dimension) was relatively average. Before their involvement in the MOOC, the participating students recorded particularly high learning expectations from the specific course and from the collaborative learning model it proposed and quite positive views regarding the impact of this new educational tool on secondary education. Their attitude towards these issues was even more positive after their involvement in the MOOC, while their overall experience was particularly positive.The above findings, although they resulted from a comparatively small sample of students for the measures of MOOCs and within a very specific educational context, they form a particularly promising background for the utilization of this new tool in secondary education in general and specifically for the preparation of students for higher education studies, in subjects related to computer programming. Of course, further research and investigation is required on the design, development and implementation of the next generation of MOOCs and the practical and theoretical research outcomes resulted from this research can be a quite valuable input.

Highlights

  • Massive open online courses – MOOCs are online courses aiming at unlimited participation and open access to knowledge via the web (Kaplan & Haenlein, 2016)

  • They first appeared in 2008, emerging from the Open Educational Resources movement (Liyanagunawardena, Adams, & Williams, 2013), when Siemens, Downes and Cormier developed the course “Connectivism and Connective Knowledge – CCK08” that succeeded to attract more than 2200 students worldwide (Downes, 2008) and it has since become known as the first MOOC

  • The rest of the paper is structured as follows: in Section 2 we discuss the required background information for MOOC taxonomies, computer programming MOOCs, as well as, for MOOCs developed for K-12 education and we present the focus of the research

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Summary

Introduction

Massive open online courses – MOOCs are online courses aiming at unlimited participation and open access to knowledge via the web (Kaplan & Haenlein, 2016). The provided courses which cover a wide range of learning objects, are accessible to anyone interested, regardless of age, prior educational experience or academic degrees This growing trend on MOOCs began to touch educational levels lower than those of higher education only after 2013 (Yin, Adams, Goble, & Madriz, 2015; Atkeson, 2014) when the first K-12 MOOCs were provided through independent initiatives untaken by well-respected universities, educators and researchers. The learning content of xMOOCs is organized around a central instructor and a core curriculum which mainly consists of pre-recorded video lectures and quizzes, with no emphasis in networking but instead on the transfer of knowledge from the teacher to the student (Conole, 2013; Siemens, 2012) In this respect, participating students, while following their own pace, remain passive. XMOOCs gather a vast amount of data by tracking participants, which are processed and analyzed in the light of student behavior with the aim to better understand the teaching/learning process (Bayne & Ross, 2014; Kesim & Altınpulluk, 2015)

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