A computational approach for boundary layer flow and heat transfer of fractional Maxwell fluid

Abstract

A novel Crank–Nicolson based L1-algorithm is introduced to investigate two-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat transfer of fractional Maxwell fluid with constant heating. The governing equations are constructed using the fractional shear stress and the Cattaneo heat flux model. Time fractional derivatives are evaluated by introducing Caputo fractional derivative. The effects of the involved parameter on momentum and thermal boundary layer are scrutinized numerically to disclose the behavior of surface tension and heat transfer efficiency, and the results are illustrated graphically. The results showed the velocity boundary layer thickness increases at the maximum value of the time relaxation parameter. Moreover, a demotion in thermal boundary layer is found for increased Prandtl number.