A Comprehensive Study on EDFA Characteristics: Temperature Impact

John Bebawi,Mohamed El-Osairy,Ishac Kandas,Moustafa Aly

doi:10.3390/app8091640

Abstract

In this paper, a comprehensive study on erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) characteristics under temperature variation has been performed. The rate and propagation equations that characterize EDFA performance pumped at 980 nm and 1480 nm in the forward direction are solved numerically. The Boltzmann distribution between the pump and the gain wavelength is taken into account, and is found to be effective when pumping only at 1480 nm. In addition, a full comparison between the effect of temperature on some of the EDFA characteristics such as the maximum peak gain, optimum fiber length, saturation input power, and saturation output power has been carried out. The temperature variation in the range from −40 °C to +80 °C is taken into account.

Highlights

In early days, communication systems suffered from many limiting factors concerning the permitted transmission distances due to the absorption mechanisms inside the fiber [1]
Each parameter is tested for several other related parameters such as the change of the driven input signal power, Pin s, fiber length, L, and driven pump power, Pin
The effect of temperature on cross-sections is carried out using the McCumber relation, Equation (1), and the overlap factor is calculated from

Summary

Introduction

Communication systems suffered from many limiting factors concerning the permitted transmission distances due to the absorption mechanisms inside the fiber [1]. The first applied solution to avoid absorption loss was the use of electrical repeaters to enhance the signal while being transmitted [2]. Optical amplifiers were developed in the early 1980s, but were used commercially in the 1990s [1]. They represented the solution thanks to introducing a fully optical system [3]. The common types of optical amplifiers are: semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) [4,5,6], Raman amplifier (RA) [6,7] and rare-earth doped fiber amplifier (DFA) [4,6]

Objectives

Results

Conclusion