Abstract
Ebola hemorrhagic disease is a severe, an acute, often fatal disease in humans and non-humans which is caused by infection with a virus of family: Filoviridae, genus: Ebola virus. The incubation period of ebola virus disease (EVD) varies from 2-21 days, with an observed average of 8 to 10 days by following introduction of Ebola virus in the human population through animal-to-human transmission, person-to-person transmission by direct contact body fluids/secretions of infected persons. The most common symptoms include sudden onset of fever, intense weakness, muscle pain, headache and sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, impaired kidney and liver function, and at advanced stage both internal and external bleeding. The virus is transmitted by contact with body fluids of infected humans or animals is primarily responsible for the virus outbreak. Fruit bats are considered as the natural reservoirs of the virus. The most general assays used for antibody detection are direct IgG and IgMÂ ELISAs and IgM capture ELISA. An IgM or rising IgG titer (four-fold) contributes to strong presumptive diagnosis. Currently neither a licensed vaccine nor an approved treatment is available for human use. In this review, the Ebola virus: life cycle and pathogenicity in humans, diagnosis, pharmacotherapy and their prevention is summarized. Keywords: Filoviridae, Ebola, Outbreak, Transmission, Symptoms, Hemorrhagic fever.
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