A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF CLINICAL PROFILE, RISK FACTORS AND TREATMENT OUT COME OF PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASES OF LOWER EXTREMITIES

Abstract

Objectives: To study the pattern of clinical presentation, aetiology, various investigations for diagnosis and management of Peripheral arterial occlusive disease. This is a cross-sectional s Materials And Methods: tudy including 50 patients who presented to OPD at Government General Hospital, Anantapur, with Peripheral arterial occlusive disease. patients above the age of 18 years with symptoms of rest pain, claudication pain, ulceration and gangrene with evidence of lower limb arterial occlusive disease on doppler are included in this study. Patients less than 18 years of age and PAD of upper extremities, patients with history of trauma of lower extremities and pain due to musculoskeletal or neurological origin are excluded. The results of the Statistical Analysis: study are expressed in terms of proportion. In this study the most common etiological factor contributing for Peripheral arterial o Results: cclusive disease is atherosclerosis (76%) followed by thromboangiitis obliterans (24%). This disease has male preponderance and the most common age group affected is 41 years and above. The most common mode of presentation is rest pain and 50% of patients presented with gangrene affecting foot and lower 1/3rd of leg. The most common co-morbid condition associated with Peripheral arterial occlusive disease in this study is diabetes mellitus. Tobacco smoking is the most common addiction associated with Peripheral arterial occlusive disease. 45% patients with atherosclerosis showed involvement of infra-popliteal site. Almost all patients required surgical intervention due to the late presentation at tertiary care center. 66% of patients in this study required amputation. None of the patient died following amputation in this study.The cardiac evaluation showed abnormality in almost 20% of the study group. This emphasises the need for cardiac evaluation in all cases of peripheral arterial disease and this condition is called atherosclerosis. peripheral arterial disease is due Conclusion: to atherosclerosis in most of cases with male preponderance after 41 years and above with gangrene as the most common clinical presentation. Prompt surgical intervention in the form of amputation, reduced mortality rate.