Abstract
Molecular neuroscience is a multidisciplinary field dedicated to unravelling the molecular mechanisms underlying brain function and dysfunction. This comprehensive review provides an overview of recent advancements in molecular neuroscience, spanning from neuronal signalling pathways to the genetic basis of neurological disorders covered encompass synaptic plasticity and learning, neurodevelopment and synaptogenesis, neurotransmitter systems, and the genetic underpinnings of neurological disorders. Advances in techniques such as optogenetics, calcium imaging, and genomic technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the brain at the molecular level. Moreover, emerging technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing hold promise for further elucidating the complexities of the nervous system. By integrating molecular, cellular, and systems-level approaches, molecular neuroscience continues to pave the way for novel insights into brain function and the development of targeted therapeutics for neurological diseases.
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