Abstract
Contemporary research has shown impetus in the diagnostics of permanent magnet (PM) type machines. The manufacturers are now more interested in building diagnostics features in the control algorithms of machines to make them more salable and reliable. A compact structure, exclusive high-power density, high torque density, and efficiency make the PM machine an attractive option to use in industrial applications. The impact of a harsh operational environment most often leads to faults in PM machines. The diagnosis and nipping of such faults at an early stage have appeared as the prime concern of manufacturers and end users. This paper reviews the recent advances in fault diagnosis techniques of the two most frequently occurring faults, namely inter-turn short fault (ITSF) and irreversible demagnetization fault (IDF). ITSF is associated with a short circuit in stator winding turns in the same phase of the machine, while IDF is associated with the weakening strength of the PM in the rotor. A detailed literature review of different categories of fault indexes and their strengths and weaknesses is presented. The research trends in the fault diagnosis and the shortcomings of available literature are discussed. Moreover, potential research directions and techniques applicable for possible solutions are also extensively suggested.
Highlights
Over the past couple of decades, concerns about the safety and reliability of applications like home appliances, electric vehicles (EVs), and aircraft have increased a lot
This paper reviewed the current trends of the detection and identification of these two types of faults
Ying Fan et al analyzed inter-turn short fault (ITSF) in the multi-phase machine using zero-sequence-voltage components (ZSVCs) in [77] and the severity of ITSF was estimated by the amplitude of the zero-sequence current component (ZSCC)
Summary
Over the past couple of decades, concerns about the safety and reliability of applications like home appliances, electric vehicles (EVs), and aircraft have increased a lot. The standard optimal procedure is being followed to design the PM machines and as a result, the machines are on the verge of demagnetization and winding failure [11] These faults are inevitable and considering the safety-critical applications of PM machines, such as those in transportation and medical equipment, the early detection of a fault is vital, and reliability is the primary concern in the operation of these motors. Diagnosis of inter-turn short circuit fault (ITSF) and irreversible demagnetization fault (IDF) in PM machines is gaining more attention as the thermal stress of the windings and pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter switching frequency keep increasing [12] These two faults are the most catastrophic and frequently occurring faults and can account for a safety risk or repair cost of millions of dollars. A detailed summary of the comparison and discussion is presented in Section 4 and Section 5 presents the future direction followed by the conclusion
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