Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a highly conserved, stable and abundant non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Also, some circRNAs play an essential part in the progression of human cancers. CircRNA is different from traditional linear RNA. CircRNA has a closed circular structure, so it is resistant to exonuclease-mediated degradation and is more stable than linear RNA. Numerous studies have found that many circRNAs can act as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge, interact with RNA-binding proteins, regulate gene transcription, affect alternative splicing and be translated into proteins. Recently, some studies have also indicated that circRNA participates in the progression of gynecological cancers. In addition, circRNA can act as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of gynecological tumors. Additionally, they can also play a key role in the prognosis of gynecological tumors. Furthermore, to our delight, circRNA may be a potential therapeutic target in gynecological cancers and widely used in clinical practice. This article reviews the functions and related molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in gynecological tumors, and discusses their potential as biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic and therapeutic targets for gynecological cancers.
Highlights
Circular RNA is a unique class of RNA that unlike other RNAs forms a covalently closed loop, generally thought to be non-coding, which as a result of improved sequencing strategies has recently gained renew interest among scientists (Hsu and Coca-Prados, 1979; Ashwal-Fluss et al, 2014)
There are 62,167 circRNAs expressed in Endometrial cancer (EC) cells, which are significantly upregulated or downregulated compared to their expression in normal endometrial tissue (Ye et al, 2019). Both Hsa_circ_0039569 and hsa_circ_0001610 are relatively unique circRNAs., their expression levels have nothing to do with myometrial invasion, grade 1–2 EC, lymph node metastasis, tumor size, FIGO stage, and patient age, they are closely correlated with tumor differentiation
Chemoresistance and recurrence of ovarian cancer (OC) have become a burden for effective management of the disease
Summary
CircRNA has a closed circular structure, so it is resistant to exonuclease-mediated degradation and is more stable than linear RNA. Some studies have indicated that circRNA participates in the progression of gynecological cancers. CircRNA can act as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of gynecological tumors. They can play a key role in the prognosis of gynecological tumors. To our delight, circRNA may be a potential therapeutic target in gynecological cancers and widely used in clinical practice. This article reviews the functions and related molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in gynecological tumors, and discusses their potential as biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic and therapeutic targets for gynecological cancers
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