Abstract
Bone grafts and bone-based materials are widely used in orthopedic surgery. However, the selection of the bone type to be used is more focused on the biological properties of bone sources than physico-chemical ones. Moreover, although biogenic sources are increasingly used for deposition of biomimetic nanostructured coatings, the influence of specific precursors used on coating’s morphology and composition has not yet been explored. Therefore, in order to fill this gap, we provided a detailed characterization of the properties of the mineral phase of the most used bone sources for allografts, xenografts and coating deposition protocols, not currently available. To this aim, several bone apatite precursors are compared in terms of composition and morphology. Significant differences are assessed for the magnesium content between female and male human donors, and in terms of Ca/P ratio, magnesium content and carbonate substitution between human bone and different animal bone sources. Prospectively, based on these data, bone from different sources can be used to obtain bone grafts having slightly different properties, depending on the clinical need. Likewise, the suitability of coating-based biomimetic films for specific clinical musculoskeletal application may depend on the type of apatite precursor used, being differently able to tune surface morphology and nanostructuration, as shown in the proof of concepts of thin film manufacturing here presented.
Highlights
IntroductionBone grafts and bone-based materials are widely used in orthopedic surgery in the form of blocks, granulates and cements, to replace missing bone stock and favor bone regeneration
Bone grafts and bone-based materials are widely used in orthopedic surgery in the form of blocks, granulates and cements, to replace missing bone stock and favor bone regeneration.To this aim, it is widely acknowledged that autografts can guarantee the best efficacy, but lack of availability and need for invasive withdrawal procedure limit their use [1]
The use of bone-derived materials is raising increasing interest in the literature, for what regards advanced biomedical devices, and in particular for particles, granulates and biomimetic coatings [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. The latter are a newer application of biogenic bone, but they are raising increasing interest, thanks to the increasing capability of plasma-assisted techniques to transfer the composition of the target to the coatings, which makes deposition from biogenic sources one of the fastest and more reliable ways to obtain multi-substituted biomimetic thin films
Summary
Bone grafts and bone-based materials are widely used in orthopedic surgery in the form of blocks, granulates and cements, to replace missing bone stock and favor bone regeneration To this aim, it is widely acknowledged that autografts can guarantee the best efficacy, but lack of availability and need for invasive withdrawal procedure limit their use [1]. It is widely acknowledged that autografts can guarantee the best efficacy, but lack of availability and need for invasive withdrawal procedure limit their use [1] For this reason, allografts, xenografts and synthetic substitutes are normally preferred in the clinical practice [2,3]. Bovine, equine and, to a lower extent, porcine and ovine bone are used for the grafts and the granulates, coatings are normally obtained by animal bone (ovine and bovine bone)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
