Abstract
This paper examines the properties of a multi-phase drive for EV (electric vehicles) and HEV (hybrid-electric vehicles) using a simulation model in the Matlab/Simulink environment and verifies the findings by experimental measurements on a real motor. The paper studies a five-phase induction motor, a suitable alternative for electric vehicles, due to its better properties such as better torque, smoother ripple, better fault tolerance, and the possibility of connecting stator windings to star, pentagon, and pentagram. The fundamentals of the article are to find out how this engine behaves in fault states, which can be called hazardous states. The paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the decrease of mechanical power, torque, and power losses during motor operation without failure, in case of failure of one phase, and in case of failure of two adjacent phases and two non-adjacent phases, in different connections. In the simulations, the five-phase drive is powered from an ideal five-phase voltage source to verify the behavior of losses on the motor in fault conditions. Subsequently, the motor model is powered by a five-phase VSI, while the simulated waveforms are confirmed on a real motor, which is also powered by a five-phase VSI. The investigation results are the detection, which of the stator windings has better properties in the fault-free state and the case of fault states in operation. For which stator windings connection, it is most advantageous to design and dimension a five-phase induction motor.
Highlights
Three-phase electric motors have been used for a very long time for drives where variable speed is required
We focused on the behavior of torque, power, input power, and losses of a five-phase induction motor in a fault-free state and in fault states, where we simulated the failure of one phase, two adjacent phases, and the failure of two non-adjacent phases
This work presents a comprehensive evaluation of the behavior of a five-phase induction motor in hazardous conditions when one or two phases fail
Summary
Three-phase electric motors have been used for a very long time for drives where variable speed is required. The paper [10,11,12] presents simulations of a five-phase induction motor connected to a pentagon and a pentacle with the motor running without a single phase These posts state that the engine loses its original power but can work without problems. [14,15], where a method based on a multi-space vector representation is used, and the transition to four-phase operation These contributions do not report the situation in a phase failure event without a change in management—identifying which five-phase induction motor connection provides the best properties in terms of energy efficiency, power, or torque in a phase failure event. The result of this research is to find out what changes in torque, power, and losses occurring in fault conditions in different types of connections and which type of connection, star, pentagon, or pentacle connections have the best properties in the fault state
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